Thursday 21 June 2012

#8 Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 3 [ADDITION]

PASSIVE AND ACTIVE TRANSPORT

ACTIVE & PASSIVE TRANSPORT

Passive Transport

Def: a movement of substance across the plasma membrane from higher concentration to the lower concentration without Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Process involved:

Simple diffusion : Movement of oxygen through membrane (kinetic energy)
Facilitated diffusion : Movement of glucose into cells (kinetic energy)
Osmosis : Movement of water in and out of cells (kinetic energy)
Filtration : Formation of kidney filtrate (hydrostatic pressure)



Osmosis process


Osmosis
Def: diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.

*Osmolarity is a total concentration of solute particles.

*Tonicity is how a solution affects cell volume.

Effect of Solution of Varying Tonicity

~Hypotonic : solutions having lesser solute concentration than that of the cytosol
~Isotonic : solutions with the same concentration as that of the cytosol
~Hypertonic : solution having greater solute concentration than thaof the cytosol

Effect of tonicity in animal and plant cell


Filtration process in kidney

Active Transport

Def: a movement of substance across the plasma membrane from lower concentration to the higher concentration with Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Process involved:

Active transport of solutes : Movement of ions across membranes (ATP)
Exocytosis : Neurotransmitter secretion (ATP)
Endocytosis : White blood cell phagocytosis (ATP)

Exocytosis process


Endocytosis process


[TO BE CONTINUED]

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